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The introduction of macadamia nuts for foreign cultivation has been in Guangdong for many years. In Guangxi, Yunnan, and Hainan, there are trials and the area has reached 7,200 hm2. However, the original living environment of the nut is the subtropical rain forest. Therefore, the corresponding planting technology needs some improvements after the introduction of cultivation. Straw and plastic film are widely used as covering materials in agricultural production. Due to the difference in the effect of their effects, annual and perennial crops have their own emphasis on the application of covering materials. The orchard tree covering material mostly uses grass straw, leaves and slag, and is collectively referred to as Cover grass, the effect is similar to that of straw. How does the application of cover technology in the nut growing process affect the soil water and heat conditions? What is the effect on the growth of nuts? The determination of general soil moisture was performed using a soil moisture temperature meter.
Coverage treatment can significantly increase soil organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium content. Although the content of these nutrient elements after coating was decreased compared with that before treatment, it was considered that the coating treatment was increased compared to the decrease in the control after treatment. These nutrient elements are beneficial; while film treatment is not favorable for the available nitrogen content of the soil, which may contribute to the decomposition of nitrogen compounds, and it is also seen that the grass-mulching treatment also contributes to the increase of available nitrogen in the soil.
Grass cover and plastic film cover have a good water retention effect, but the covering of mulch film in Australian macadamia tree affects the water seepage performance, which partly restricts the precipitation supplement to soil water, and grass mulching has the effect of preventing runoff from generating and promoting submerged seepage. . The effect of different covering treatments on the soil temperature in the macadamia nut tree tray is “bidirectionalâ€, and in the dry and cold season, the soil temperature within the tree tray can be increased. In the dry heat and hot and humid seasons, the grass-covering treatment has a “deserting effectâ€, and the coating treatment continues to function as a “heaterâ€. During the dry heat from March to May, the dry and high-temperature environment develops and blocks the growth of the Australian nut anthers. If it is unfavorable, the optimum development temperature of the root system and anther of Macadamia is between 25 and 28, and the grass-mulching treatment can effectively reduce the frequency of occurrence of high temperature in the development of unfavorable roots and anthers.
After analysis of the soil moisture in the nut garden by the soil moisture temperature analyzer, it can be clearly found that the plastic film covers the seasons of high temperature and cools down, and the grass cover also has a cooling effect in the dry heat and hot and humid seasons, possibly with the local climate. There is a relationship between the characteristics of “no summer in the long summer and no rain in the rainâ€, but the grass cover treatment effectively accumulates precipitation, which can relieve the surface microenvironment of the macadamia nut tree in the hot and dry season.
Coverage treatment can significantly increase soil organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium content. Although the content of these nutrient elements after coating was decreased compared with that before treatment, it was considered that the coating treatment was increased compared to the decrease in the control after treatment. These nutrient elements are beneficial; while film treatment is not favorable for the available nitrogen content of the soil, which may contribute to the decomposition of nitrogen compounds, and it is also seen that the grass-mulching treatment also contributes to the increase of available nitrogen in the soil.
Grass cover and plastic film cover have a good water retention effect, but the covering of mulch film in Australian macadamia tree affects the water seepage performance, which partly restricts the precipitation supplement to soil water, and grass mulching has the effect of preventing runoff from generating and promoting submerged seepage. . The effect of different covering treatments on the soil temperature in the macadamia nut tree tray is “bidirectionalâ€, and in the dry and cold season, the soil temperature within the tree tray can be increased. In the dry heat and hot and humid seasons, the grass-covering treatment has a “deserting effectâ€, and the coating treatment continues to function as a “heaterâ€. During the dry heat from March to May, the dry and high-temperature environment develops and blocks the growth of the Australian nut anthers. If it is unfavorable, the optimum development temperature of the root system and anther of Macadamia is between 25 and 28, and the grass-mulching treatment can effectively reduce the frequency of occurrence of high temperature in the development of unfavorable roots and anthers.
After analysis of the soil moisture in the nut garden by the soil moisture temperature analyzer, it can be clearly found that the plastic film covers the seasons of high temperature and cools down, and the grass cover also has a cooling effect in the dry heat and hot and humid seasons, possibly with the local climate. There is a relationship between the characteristics of “no summer in the long summer and no rain in the rainâ€, but the grass cover treatment effectively accumulates precipitation, which can relieve the surface microenvironment of the macadamia nut tree in the hot and dry season.
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