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The resulting sulfide ore smelting of various metal sulfide sulfonium complex is co-melt, but the metal sulfide Low, where the enriched and precious metals to be extracted. For example, nickel ruthenium is mainly composed of Ni 3 S 2 , FeS, Cu 2 S, and the total amount of nickel, iron and sulfur contained therein accounts for 80% to 90% of nickel ruthenium. Therefore, the Ni-Fe-S ternary system state diagram study can have a more detailed understanding of the properties, theoretical composition and melting point of nickel ruthenium.
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Sulfonium not identical with the matte. The degree of metallization of nickel (ratio of free metal content to total metal content) is high. The Ni-Fe-S system state diagram is related to the smelting smelting as shown in Fig. 2. Figure 2 shows that:
(1) The four components (Fe-FeS-Ni 3 S 2 -Ni) are completely miscible above the liquid phase.
(2) It can be seen from the isotherm of the state diagram that the highest melting point region is near E 2 . The first is that the higher the degree of metallization of nickel bismuth, the higher the melting point. On the contrary, the higher the content of Ni 3 S 2 in the nickel ruthenium, the lower the melting point. The lowest melting point of the E 2 eutectic is 645 ° C.
(3) The state diagram is divided into three primary crystal planes by two binary eutectic lines E 1 -G, E 2 -G and one crystal transformation line V-G: I-Ni-Fe, II-FeS, III - (FeS) 2 .Ni 3 S 2 -Ni 3 S 2 -Ni 3 S 2 .Ni solid solution, and more particularly is (FeS) 2 solid solution .Ni 3 S 2 --Ni 3 S 2 -Ni composition . Area I accounts for the vast majority of this state map. The nickel niobium grade is generally 16% to 20%, so it falls just in the I zone. Since the melting point of nickel niobium is higher than that of copper crucible, the furnace temperature is also required to be high during melting. Otherwise, when the temperature of the sedimentation tank or the hearth is slightly lowered, it is possible to cause Ni-Fe to precipitate to form a furnace junction.
Copper-nickel bismuth is a product of bismuth smelting of Cu-Ni sulfide ore. Its main components are Ni 3 S 2 , Cu2S and FeS, which are Ni-Cu-Fe-S quaternary systems. It also contains some cobalt sulfide, and a small amount of free metal trace PGE, of course, also dissolved Fe 3 O 4 and a trace amount of slag components.
Nickel strontium (referred to as sulphur-depleted nickel bismuth) produced under reducing important conditions (such as electric furnace) has a higher sulphur content than nickel bismuth obtained under oxidizing conditions (such as reverberatory furnace and flash furnace) ) is low in content. The general composition of industrial nickel ruthenium is shown in FIG. As expected, the nickel bismuth grade, ie (Ni%+Cu%), decreases linearly with increasing Fe content, which is the same for both forms of nickel ruthenium. However, the Fe-S linear relationship belongs only to ordinary nickel ruthenium. The liquid temperature of the nickel crucible depends largely on the sulfur content. The sulfur-deficient nickel bismuth actually has a higher liquidus. [next]
　 | International Nickel Corporation | Western Mining Company | BCL Corporation | Outokumpu | Eagle Bridge |
Ordinary nickel | ◇ | ○ | 　 | ▽ | 　 |
Sulphur-deficient nickel | 　 | ◠| ■| ▼ | ○ |
Figure 3 Composition of industrial nickel bismuth
The sulphur-deficient nickel bismuth produced by electric furnace smelting has a sulfur content of 22%-27%, which is insufficient to form sulfides of all metals. The reason for the insufficient amount of sulfur is that a part of the metal (mainly iron) is dissolved in the copper-nickel in an elemental state or an oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) state.
The ore phase data of solidified solid nickel niobium is limited to materials with lower copper content, and has been confirmed to contain secondary phases such as nickel pyrite, nickel-containing pyrrhotite and Ni-Fe alloy, magnetite and porphyrite. The solid copper nickel ruthenium has a density of about 4.6 to 5.0 g/cm 3 and a melting point of 1000 to 1050 ° C. The specific conductance of the solid copper-nickel lanthanum is 50Ω -1 .cm -1 . The surface tension of the sulfide melt such as Cu 2 S, FeS, Ni 3 S 2 is about 300-500 (10 -3 Nm -1 ), FeS- The interfacial tension between the Ni 3 S 2 -based, FeS-Cu 2 S-based melt and the 2FeO.SiO 2 melt is 20 to 60 (10 -3 Nm -1 ), and the value is small, so that it is easy to judge the nickel ruthenium. Suspended in the slag.
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