With the continuous development of rare earths in various fields, the demand for rare earths in the world continues to increase. According to the US Bureau of Mines, the annual demand for rare earths (by REO) in the United States was 19,000 tons in 1983: the annual demand for rare earths (by REO) was 36,600 tons (Table 1).
Table 1 Demand for rare earths in the United States and around the world in 1983
Country | United States | Other countries | worldwide |
Annual demand (REO, t meter) | 19600 | 17000 | 36600 |
From the actual production of rare earth concentrate production in the world (Table 2), it can be seen that the production of rare earth concentrates increased by 22.43% in 1984 compared with 1983; in the 44461 tons (according to REO) rare earth concentrates produced in 1984, US and Australian production accounted for 56.93% and 17.99%, respectively, US production of rare earth concentrates, fluorine cerium-based mining, the Australian production of rare earth concentrates almost exclusively monazite, Ma Cai West is xenotime concentrate production Most countries.
Table 2 Worldwide rare earth concentrate production (REO, t count)
Country | United States | Australia | China 1 | India | Soviet 1 | Brazil | Malaysia | Other countries | total | |
years | 1983 | 17083 | 7975 | ~6000 | 2200 | 1500 | 1100 | 137 | 270 | 36315 |
1984 | 25311 | 8000 | ~6000 | 2200 | 1500 | 1000 | 200 | 250 | 44461 |
1 is the estimated number.
According to the statistics of the US Mines Bureau: In 1984, the world had the capacity to produce 51,960 tons of rare earth concentrates per year (in terms of REO). From the production capacity of rare earth concentrates in the world (Table 3), it can be seen that at present, the countries with the largest production capacity in the world include the United States, China, Australia, and India.
Table 3 Worldwide rare earth production capacity (REO, t count)
Country | 1981 production capacity |
North America: | |
United States | |
Bastnasite | 24500 |
Monazite | 450 |
Canada | |
Gadolinite | 0 |
South America: | |
Brazil monazite | 1200 |
Europe: | |
Soviet 1 monazite | 500 |
other | 1000 |
Africa: | |
Zaire, monazite | 180 |
Asia: | |
China 1 fluorocarbon antimony ore | ~3000 |
Monazite | ~2500 |
Phosphonium ore | ~50 |
other | ~1000 |
India monazite | 6000 |
Malaysia, monazite | 1100 |
Phosphonium ore | 100 |
Sri Lanka | 180 |
Thailand monazite | 120 |
Phosphonium ore | 60 |
Australia: | |
Australia | |
Monazite | 10000 |
Phosphonium ore | 20 |
total | 51960 |
1 Estimated figures.
The production of rare earth concentrates in China is developing very rapidly, and the output of concentrates is also increasing exponentially. The output of rare earth concentrate produced in 1983 was 100. By 1986, the output of rare earth concentrate production in China soared to 304 (Table 4). Among the rare earth concentrates produced in China, the bastnasite-monomite mixed concentrate accounts for 80% to 86%; the monazite concentrate alone accounts for 11% to 16%, and the phosphate ore concentrate accounts for only 1.5% to 2.5%. %(table 5). In recent years, with the vigorous development of ion-adsorbed rare earth ore, its output (according to REO) has accounted for about 15% to 20% of the total output of rare earth concentrates in China.
Table 4 Increase in production of rare earth concentrates in China
years | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 |
Yield,% | 100 | 154 | 218 | 304 |
Table 5 Production of various rare earth concentrates in China
product name | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 |
Monazite concentrate, % | 16.52 | 11.77 | 14.48 | 11.96 |
Bastnasite and monazite mixed concentrate, % | 80.93 | 86.81 | 33.34 | 86.47 |
Phosphate concentrate, % | 2.50 | 1.42 | 2.18 | 1.57 |
total,% | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
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